- Typical capacity
- WFI generation systems of this class typically range from 50 to 5,000 litres per hour, with storage tanks commonly sized from 500 to 20,000 litres.
- Power supply
- Units commonly require a three-phase electrical supply, typically 400V, 50Hz, with varying amperage depending on system size and heating elements.
- Feed water requirements
- Requires pre-treated feed water, typically purified water (PW) or deionised water, meeting specific conductivity and TOC levels.
- Sterilisation method
- WFI generation is typically achieved through multi-effect distillation or reverse osmosis combined with ultrafiltration, followed by heat sterilisation for distribution loops.
- Materials of construction
- Product-contact parts are typically constructed from 316L stainless steel with an electropolished finish to prevent microbial growth and facilitate cleaning.
- Certifications
- Systems of this type are designed to meet cGMP, FDA, and European Pharmacopoeia requirements for WFI quality.